2025

Ahola, Tuomas; Tura, Nina; Ojanen, Ville;

Citizen engagement into sustainable urban development is a process which requires intentional and continuous efforts to incorporate the diverse perspectives of various community groups. There is no one-size-fits-all approach for selecting the most effective methods, tools or resources needed to establish such development actions. However, certain common and critical factors can guide the process and address key challenges in citizen participation for sustainable urban development. In this chapter, we present six perspectives for citizen engagement in urban development. These, together with our conclusions driven from these factors, form a framework for engagement from the Nordics.