This dataset contains a selection of impulse responses (102) collected from prehistoric rock art sites in Finland, reference sites located near them, and prehistoric settlement sites. The dataset serves as supplementary material for the article ‘Reflected Encounters at Hunter-Gatherer Rock Art Sites by the Water’, authored by R. Rainio, J. Shpinitskaya, P. Rinkkala, J. Pekkanen, P. Kesäniemi, and M. Ojanen. Data collection objectives and methods are discussed in detail in the article. The work was part of the Academy of Finland funded project ‘Acoustics and auditory culture at hunter-gatherer rock art sites in Northern Europe, Siberia and North America’ (2018–2023) at the University of Helsinki. See: https://www.helsinki.fi/en/researchgroups/acoustics-of-sacred-sites Each wav file contains one impulse response recorded with a Neumann KM183 omnidirectional condenser pressure microphone and a Zoom F8 or H6 portable audio recorder (96-kHz sampling rate and 24-bit depth). Either the ‘pop’ sound of a 40 cm diameter latex balloon or a 10-second logarithmic sine sweep serves as the excitation signal. The file name indicates the following information: - name of the site - type of the site (rock art site / reference site / settlement site) - distance of the recording location from the painted or reference rock (m) - time of recording (winter [-12 to +2° C] / summer [+12 to +25° C]) - excitation signal (pop / sweep) Rock art sites are classified as unchanged or changed in terms of topography and acoustics. The table below lists the studied 37 rock art sites and 6 settlement sites with their key characteristics (height = height of the paintings above the water; category = categorization of the sites into unchanged or changed; distance = distance of a settlement site from the nearest rock art site). ROCK ART SITE; MUNICIPALITY; FORMATION; HEIGHT (M ) ; CATEGORY; FIELDWORK Astuvansalmi; Ristiina/Mikkeli; Cliff, shelter; 6.8–11.8; Changed; Summer Haukkalahdenvuori II; Enonkoski; Cliff; 6.9–7.6; Changed; Summer Haukkasaari I; Lemi; Cliff; 1.8; Unchanged; Winter Haukkasaari II; Lemi; Cliff; 1.8; Unchanged; Winter, summer Ilmuksenvuori; Lemi; Cliff; 1.8–2.8; Unchanged; Summer Itkonlahti; Mäntyharju; Cliff, pothole; 0.8–1.9; Unchanged; Summer Julma-Ölkky; Kuusamo; Cliff; 1.3; Unchanged; Winter, summer Juusjärvi; Kirkkonummi; Cliff; 6.6–8.4; Changed; Winter Jäniskallio; Espoo; Cliff; 1.8; Unchanged; Winter, summer Kalamaniemi I; Luumäki; Cliff, recess; 1.6–2.8; Unchanged; Summer Keltavuori; Lappeenranta; Cliff; 1.5–2.5; Unchanged; Winter, summer Kivikirkko; Sulkava; Boulder, cave; 11.6–12.3; Changed; Summer Kolmiköytisienvuori; Ruokolahti; Cliff; 3.5–4.5; Changed; Summer Lammasjärvi/Fårsjö; Pohja/Raasepori; Cliff; 1.1–2.6; Unchanged; Winter, summer Luutsalo; Heinävesi; Boulder; 1.6–2.0; Unchanged; Summer Löppösenluola; Valkeala/Kouvola; Cliff, shelter; 2.3–4.0; Unchanged; Summer Mertakallio; Iitti; Cliff, recess; 2.6–4.5; Unchanged; Summer Myllylampi/Myllyoja; Luumäki; Cliff; 4.0; Changed; Summer Olhavanvuori/Olhavanlampi; Valkeala/Kouvola; Cliff, crevice; 1.5; Unchanged; Summer Patakallio; Jaala/Kouvola; Cliff, recess, pothole; 1.5; Unchanged; Winter Rautvuori; Heinola; Cliff; 8.2–9.2; Changed; Summer Ristniemenvuori I; Miehikkälä; Cliff; 1.6; Unchanged; Winter Ristniemenvuori II; Miehikkälä; Cliff; 1.6; Unchanged; Winter Ruominkapia; Lemi; Cliff; 1.0–3.8; Unchanged; Summer Salmenvuori; Lappeenranta; Cliff; 1.0–3.5; Unchanged; Summer Salmijärvi/Lautmäki; Vihti; Cliff, shelter; 1.5–2.0; Unchanged; Winter, summer Siliävuori; Luumäki; Cliff, recess; 1.8–3.0; Unchanged; Winter, summer Tupavuori; Jaala/Kouvola; Cliff; 3.0; Changed; Summer Ukonvuori; Enonkoski; Cliff, shelter; 10.0; Changed; Summer Vaskivuori A; Luumäki; Cliff; 1.0; Unchanged; Winter, Summer Vaskivuori C; Luumäki; Cliff; 1.0–1.8; Unchanged; Winter Verijärvi; Mikkeli; Cliff; 1.4–2.2; Unchanged; Summer Verla; Valkeala/Kouvola; Cliff; 0.5–1.5; Unchanged; Winter Viherinkoski A; Joutsa; Boulder; 2.7 trees grown around; Changed; Summer Viherinkoski B; Joutsa; Cliff; 2.2–3.0; Unchanged; Summer Väinönkallio/Leveälahti; Asikkala; Cliff; 4.0–5.5; Changed; Summer Värikallio; Suomussalmi; Cliff; 0.2–2.5; Unchanged; Winter, summer SETTLEMENT SITE; MUNICIPALITY; TERRAIN; DISTANCE (M); CATEGORY; FIELDWORK Huopaisenvirta II; Luumäki; Beach; 3 050; Changed: road; Summer Jängynjärvi-Vuossaarentie; Lappeenranta; Marshy beach; 1 500; Unchanged; Summer Keidas; Iitti; Beach; 8 700; Unchanged; Summer Kesälampi; Lappeenranta; Marshy beach; 1 150; Unchanged; Summer Muikkupuro; Suomussalmi; Beach; 5 500; Unchanged; Summer Rantanen Suurpelto; Luumäki; Beach; 900; Changed: fields; Winter

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